Colonoscopy: A Procedure to Examine the Bowels

What is a Colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy is a procedure that allows doctors to examine the lining of the bowel from the inside. It is performed using a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera, which is inserted into the rectum and advanced through the colon.

Uses of Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is used to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions, including:

• Colon cancer
• Rectal cancer
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Ulcers
• Polyps

Procedure

Before a colonoscopy, patients are typically asked to follow a special diet and take laxatives to clean out their bowels. The procedure is usually performed under sedation, and patients lie on their side on a table.

The doctor inserts the colonoscope into the rectum and advances it through the colon. The camera transmits images of the colon to a monitor, which the doctor uses to look for any abnormalities.

If any polyps or other growths are found, the doctor can remove them during the procedure using special instruments passed through the colonoscope.